Desk Nt 1 1 – A Writing And Notetaking App

• Desk Nt 1 1 – A Writing And Notetaking App For Computer
• Desk Nt 1 1 – A Writing And Notetaking App Free

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In this tutorial, you use Visual Studio to create and run a C# console app, and explore some features of the Visual Studio integrated development environment (IDE). This tutorial is part 1 of a two-part tutorial series.

In this tutorial, you:

Desk Nt 1 1 – A Writing And Notetaking App For Computer

• Create a Visual Studio project.
• Create a C# console app.
• Debug your app.
• Close your app.
• Inspect your complete code.

In part 2, you extend this app to add more projects, learn debugging tricks, and reference third-party packages.

Desk Nt 1 1 – A Writing And Notetaking App Free

Prerequisites

You must have Visual Studio installed.

If you haven't already installed Visual Studio, go to the Visual Studio downloads page to install it for free.

If you haven't already installed Visual Studio, go to the Visual Studio downloads page to install it for free.

Create a project

To start, create a C# application project. The project type comes with all the template files you need.

1. Open Visual Studio 2017.

2. From the top menu bar, choose File > New > Project.(Alternatively, press Ctrl+Shift+N).

3. In the left pane of the New Project dialog box, expand C#, and then choose .NET Core. In the middle pane, choose Console App (.NET Core). Then name the file Calculator.

Add a workload (optional)

If you don't see the Console App (.NET Core) project template, you can get it by adding the .NET Core cross-platform development workload. Here's how.

Option 1: Use the New Project dialog box

1. Choose the Open Visual Studio Installer link in the left pane of the New Project dialog box.

2. The Visual Studio Installer launches. Choose the .NET Core cross-platform development workload, and then choose Modify.

Option 2: Use the Tools menu bar

1. Cancel out of the New Project dialog box and from the top menu bar, choose Tools > Get Tools and Features.

2. The Visual Studio Installer launches. Choose the .NET Core cross-platform development workload, and then choose Modify.

1. Open Visual Studio, and choose Create a new project in the Start window.

2. In the Create a new project window, choose C# from the Language list. Next, choose Windows from the Platform list and Console from the project types list.

   After you apply the language, platform, and project type filters, choose the Console Application template, and then select Next.

   Note

   If you don't see the Console Application template, select Install more tools and features.

   Then, in the Visual Studio Installer, choose the .NET Core cross-platform development workload.

   After that, choose the Modify button in the Visual Studio Installer. You might be prompted to save your work; if so, do so. Next, choose Continue to install the workload. Then, return to step 2 in this 'Create a project' procedure.

3. In the Configure your new project window, type or enter Calculator in the Project name box. Then, choose Next.

4. In the Additional information window, .NET Core 3.1 should already be selected for your target framework. If not, select .NET Core 3.1. Then, choose Create.

   Visual Studio opens your new project, which includes default 'Hello World' code.

1. Open Visual Studio, and choose Create a new project in the Start window.

2. In the Create a new project window, select All languages, and then choose C# from the dropdown list. Choose Windows from the All platforms list, and choose Console from the All project types list.

   After you apply the language, platform, and project type filters, choose the Console Application template, and then select Next.

   Note

   If you don't see the Console Application template, select Install more tools and features.

   In the Visual Studio Installer, choose the .NET desktop development workload, and then select Modify.

3. In the Configure your new project window, type or enter Calculator in the Project name box, and then select Next.

4. In the Additional information window, .NET 6.0 should already be selected for your target framework. Select Create.

   Visual Studio opens your new project, which includes default 'Hello World' code.

Create the app

In this section, you:

• Explore some basic integer math in C#.
• Add code to create a basic calculator app.
• Debug the app to find and fix errors.
• Refine the code to make it more efficient.

Explore integer math

Start with some basic integer math in C#.

1. In the code editor, delete the default 'Hello World' code.

   Specifically, delete the line that says, Console.WriteLine('Hello World!');.

2. In its place, type the following code:

   Notice that when you do so, the IntelliSense feature in Visual Studio offers you the option to autocomplete the entry.

   Note

   The following animation isn't intended to duplicate the preceding code. It's intended only to show how the autocomplete feature works.

3. Choose the green Start button next to Calculator to build and run your program, or press F5.

   A console window opens that reveals the sum of 42 + 119, which is 161.

4. (Optional) You can change the operator to change the result. For example, you can change the + operator in the int c = a + b; line of code to - for subtraction, * for multiplication, or / for division. Then, when you run the program, the result changes, too.

5. Close the console window.

1. In Solution Explorer, in the right pane, select Program.cs to display the file in the code editor

2. In the code editor, replace the default 'Hello World' code that says Console.WriteLine('Hello World!');.

   Replace the line with the following code:

   If you type the code, the Visual Studio IntelliSense feature offers you the option to autocomplete the entry.

   Note

   The following animation isn't intended to demonstrate the preceding code, but only to show how IntelliSense works.

3. To build and run your app, press F5, or select the green arrow next to the name Calculator in the top toolbar.

   A console window opens that shows the sum of 42 + 119, which is 161.

4. Close the console window.

5. Optionally, you can change the operator to change the result. For example, you can change the + operator in the int c = a + b; line of code to - for subtraction, * for multiplication, or / for division. When you run the app, the result changes accordingly.

Add code to create a calculator

Continue by adding a more complex set of calculator code to your project.

1. In the code editor, replace all the code in program.cs with the following new code:

2. Select the Calculator button or press F5 to run your app.

   A console window opens.

3. In the console window, follow the prompts to add the numbers 42 and 119 together.

   Your app should look similar to the following screenshot:

Add decimal functionality

Now, tweak the code to add more functionality.

The current calculator app only accepts and returns whole numbers. For example, if you run the app and divide the number 42 by the number 119, your result is zero, which isn't exact.

In this tutorial, you use Visual Studio to create and run a C# console app, and explore some features of the Visual Studio integrated development environment (IDE). This tutorial is part 1 of a two-part tutorial series.

In this tutorial, you:

Desk Nt 1 1 – A Writing And Notetaking App For Computer

• Create a Visual Studio project.
• Create a C# console app.
• Debug your app.
• Close your app.
• Inspect your complete code.

In part 2, you extend this app to add more projects, learn debugging tricks, and reference third-party packages.

Desk Nt 1 1 – A Writing And Notetaking App Free

Prerequisites

You must have Visual Studio installed.

If you haven't already installed Visual Studio, go to the Visual Studio downloads page to install it for free.

If you haven't already installed Visual Studio, go to the Visual Studio downloads page to install it for free.

Create a project

To start, create a C# application project. The project type comes with all the template files you need.

1. Open Visual Studio 2017.

2. From the top menu bar, choose File > New > Project.(Alternatively, press Ctrl+Shift+N).

3. In the left pane of the New Project dialog box, expand C#, and then choose .NET Core. In the middle pane, choose Console App (.NET Core). Then name the file Calculator.

Add a workload (optional)

If you don't see the Console App (.NET Core) project template, you can get it by adding the .NET Core cross-platform development workload. Here's how.

Option 1: Use the New Project dialog box

1. Choose the Open Visual Studio Installer link in the left pane of the New Project dialog box.

2. The Visual Studio Installer launches. Choose the .NET Core cross-platform development workload, and then choose Modify.

Option 2: Use the Tools menu bar

1. Cancel out of the New Project dialog box and from the top menu bar, choose Tools > Get Tools and Features.

2. The Visual Studio Installer launches. Choose the .NET Core cross-platform development workload, and then choose Modify.

1. Open Visual Studio, and choose Create a new project in the Start window.

2. In the Create a new project window, choose C# from the Language list. Next, choose Windows from the Platform list and Console from the project types list.

   After you apply the language, platform, and project type filters, choose the Console Application template, and then select Next.

   Note

   If you don't see the Console Application template, select Install more tools and features.

   Then, in the Visual Studio Installer, choose the .NET Core cross-platform development workload.

   After that, choose the Modify button in the Visual Studio Installer. You might be prompted to save your work; if so, do so. Next, choose Continue to install the workload. Then, return to step 2 in this 'Create a project' procedure.

3. In the Configure your new project window, type or enter Calculator in the Project name box. Then, choose Next.

4. In the Additional information window, .NET Core 3.1 should already be selected for your target framework. If not, select .NET Core 3.1. Then, choose Create.

   Visual Studio opens your new project, which includes default 'Hello World' code.

1. Open Visual Studio, and choose Create a new project in the Start window.

2. In the Create a new project window, select All languages, and then choose C# from the dropdown list. Choose Windows from the All platforms list, and choose Console from the All project types list.

   After you apply the language, platform, and project type filters, choose the Console Application template, and then select Next.

   Note

   If you don't see the Console Application template, select Install more tools and features.

   In the Visual Studio Installer, choose the .NET desktop development workload, and then select Modify.

3. In the Configure your new project window, type or enter Calculator in the Project name box, and then select Next.

4. In the Additional information window, .NET 6.0 should already be selected for your target framework. Select Create.

   Visual Studio opens your new project, which includes default 'Hello World' code.

Create the app

In this section, you:

• Explore some basic integer math in C#.
• Add code to create a basic calculator app.
• Debug the app to find and fix errors.
• Refine the code to make it more efficient.

Explore integer math

Start with some basic integer math in C#.

1. In the code editor, delete the default 'Hello World' code.

   Specifically, delete the line that says, Console.WriteLine('Hello World!');.

2. In its place, type the following code:

   Notice that when you do so, the IntelliSense feature in Visual Studio offers you the option to autocomplete the entry.

   Note

   The following animation isn't intended to duplicate the preceding code. It's intended only to show how the autocomplete feature works.

3. Choose the green Start button next to Calculator to build and run your program, or press F5.

   A console window opens that reveals the sum of 42 + 119, which is 161.

4. (Optional) You can change the operator to change the result. For example, you can change the + operator in the int c = a + b; line of code to - for subtraction, * for multiplication, or / for division. Then, when you run the program, the result changes, too.

5. Close the console window.

1. In Solution Explorer, in the right pane, select Program.cs to display the file in the code editor

2. In the code editor, replace the default 'Hello World' code that says Console.WriteLine('Hello World!');.

   Replace the line with the following code:

   If you type the code, the Visual Studio IntelliSense feature offers you the option to autocomplete the entry.

   Note

   The following animation isn't intended to demonstrate the preceding code, but only to show how IntelliSense works.

3. To build and run your app, press F5, or select the green arrow next to the name Calculator in the top toolbar.

   A console window opens that shows the sum of 42 + 119, which is 161.

4. Close the console window.

5. Optionally, you can change the operator to change the result. For example, you can change the + operator in the int c = a + b; line of code to - for subtraction, * for multiplication, or / for division. When you run the app, the result changes accordingly.

Add code to create a calculator

Continue by adding a more complex set of calculator code to your project.

1. In the code editor, replace all the code in program.cs with the following new code:

2. Select the Calculator button or press F5 to run your app.

   A console window opens.

3. In the console window, follow the prompts to add the numbers 42 and 119 together.

   Your app should look similar to the following screenshot:

Add decimal functionality

Now, tweak the code to add more functionality.

The current calculator app only accepts and returns whole numbers. For example, if you run the app and divide the number 42 by the number 119, your result is zero, which isn't exact.

To fix the code to improve precision by handling decimals:

1. From program.cs in the Visual Studio editor, press Ctrl+H to open the Find and Replace control.

2. Type int in the control, and type float in the Replace field.

3. Select the icons for Match case and Match whole word in the control, or press Alt+C and Alt+W.

4. Select the Replace all icon or press Alt+A to run the search and replace.

5. Run your calculator app again, and divide the number 42 by the number 119.

   The app now returns a decimal number instead of zero.

Now the app can produce decimal results. Day one premium. Make a few more tweaks to the code so the app can calculate decimals too.

1. Use the Find and Replace control to change each instance of the float variable to double, and to change each instance of the Convert.ToInt32 method to Convert.ToDouble.

2. Run your calculator app, and divide the number 42.5 by the number 119.75.

   The app now accepts decimal values, and returns a longer decimal numeral as its result.

   In the Revise the code section, you reduce the number of decimal places in the results. Checkmate 1935.

Debug the app

You've improved your basic calculator app, but your app doesn't yet handle exceptions, such as user input errors. Microsoft office 2016 16 2 fully. For example, if users try to divide by zero, or enter an unexpected character, the app might stop working, return an error, or return an unexpected nonnumeric result.

Let's walk through a few common user input errors, locate them in the debugger if they appear there, and fix them in the code.

Tip

For more information about the debugger and how it works, see First look at the Visual Studio debugger.

Fix the 'divide by zero' error

If you try to divide a number by zero, the console app might freeze, and then shows you what's wrong in the code editor.

Note

Sometimes the app doesn't freeze, and the debugger doesn't show a divide-by-zero error. Instead, the app might return an unexpected nonnumeric result, such as an infinity symbol. The following code fix still applies.

To change the code to handle this error:

1. In program.cs, replace the code between case 'd': and the comment that says // Wait for the user to respond before closing with the following code:

   After you replace the code, the section with the switch statement should look similar to the following screenshot:

Now, when you divide any number by zero, the app asks for another number, and keeps asking until you provide a nonzero number.

Fix the 'format' error

If you enter an alphabetic character when the app expects a numeric character, the app freezes. Visual Studio shows you what's wrong in the code editor.

To prevent this exception, you can refactor the code you've previously entered.

Revise the code

Rather than rely on the program class to handle all the code, you can divide your app into two classes: Calculator and Program.

The Calculator class handles the bulk of the calculation work, and the Program class handles the user interface and error-handling work.

Let's get started.

1. In program.cs, delete everything in the Calculator namespace between its opening and closing braces:

2. Between the braces, add the following new Calculator class:

3. Also add a new Program class, as follows:

4. Select the Calculator button or press F5 to run your app.

5. Follow the prompts and divide the number 42 by the number 119. Your results should look similar to the following screenshot:

   You can now enter more equations until you choose to close the console app. There are also fewer decimal places in the results. And if you enter an incorrect character, you get an appropriate error response.

Close the app

1. If you haven't already done so, close the Calculator app.

2. Close the Output pane in Visual Studio.

3. In Visual Studio, press Ctrl+S to save your app.

Add Git source control

Now that you've created an app, you might want to add it to a Git repository. We've got you covered. Visual Studio makes that process easy with Git tools you can use directly from the IDE.

Tip

Git is the most widely used modern version control system, so whether you're a professional developer or you're learning how to code, Git can be very useful. If you're new to Git, the https://git-scm.com/ website is a good place to start. There, you can find cheat sheets, a popular online book, and Git Basics videos.

To associate your code with Git, you start by creating a new Git repository where your code is located. Here's how:

1. In the status bar at the bottom-right corner of Visual Studio, select Add to Source Control, and then select Git.

2. In the Create a Git repository dialog box, sign in to GitHub.

   The repository name auto-populates based on your folder location. By default, your new repository is private, which means you're the only one who can access it.

   Tip

   Whether your repository is public or private, it's best to have a remote backup of your code stored securely on GitHub. Even if you aren't working with a team, a remote repository makes your code available to you from any computer.

3. Select Create and Push.

   After you create your repository, you see status details in the status bar.

   The first icon with the arrows shows how many outgoing/incoming commits are in your current branch. You can use this icon to pull any incoming commits or push any outgoing commits. You can also choose to view these commits first. To do so, select the icon, and then select View Outgoing/Incoming.

   The second icon with the pencil shows the number of uncommitted changes to your code. You can select this icon to view those changes in the Git Changes window.

To learn more about how to use Git with your app, see the Visual Studio version control documentation.

Review: Code complete

In this tutorial, you made many changes to the calculator app. The app now handles computing resources more efficiently, and handles most user input errors.

Here's the complete code, all in one place:

Next steps

Continue with more tutorials:

Continue with the second part of this tutorial: